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 | Cataract |
| |  | Cataract Symptom Score |
| | | Predictors of Outcome After Cataract Surgery |
| | | Method of Mehra and Minassian for Grading Central Lens Opacities |
| | | New Zealand Criteria for Prioritizing Cataract Surgery |
| | | Lens Opacities Classification System II (LOCS II) |
| | | Sunflower Cataract in Wilson's Disease (Chalcosis Lentis) |
| Graves' Ophthalmopathy |
| |  | Clinical Activity Score of Mourits et al for Graves' Ophthalmopathy |
| | | Diagnostic Criteria for Graves' Ophthalmopathy |
| | | Ophthalmopathy Index of Donaldson et al |
| | | Modified Ophthalmopathy Index of Bartalena et al |
| | | Activity Score of Kahaly for Graves' Ophthalmopathy |
| | | The American Thyroid Association NO SPECS Classification of Eye Changes in Graves' Disease |
| Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca and Dry Eye |
| | | Clinical Ophthamological Testing in the Diagnosis of Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca |
| | | Discriminant Function to Distinguish Age-Related from Sjogren's Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca |
| | | Oxford System for Grading Epithelial Surface Damage in a Patient with Dry Eye |
| Conjunctivitis |
| | | Scoring System of Abelson et al for Signs and Symptoms of Allergic Conjunctivitis |
| | | Mucus Fishing Syndrome |
| Diabetic Retinopathy |
| | | Prognostic Indicators of Outcome Following Vitrectomy for Diabetic Retinopathy |
| | | Flow Chart of Hesse et al for Predicting Visual Acuity After Early Vitrectomy for Diabetic Retinopathy |
| | | International Clinical Diabetic Macular Edema Disease Severity Scale |
| | | International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale |
| | | Schedule for Regular Opthalmologic Examinations in a Patient with Diabetes |
| | | Criteria of the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) for Clinically Significant Macular Edema |
| Ocular Motility |
| | | Diagnosis of Tropias and Phorias with the Eye Cover-Uncover Test |
| | | The Parks-Bielschowsky Three Step Test to Identify a Single Weak Ocular Muscle |
| Ocular Trauma |
| | | Ocular Echography and Outcome After Penetrating Ocular Trauma |
| | | Risk of Secondary Hemorrhage in Traumatic Hyphema |
| | | Grades of Cook et al for Traumatic Optic Neuropathy |
| | | The System of the Ocular Trauma Classification Group for Classifying Mechanical Injuries to the Eye |
| | | Clinical Signs Indicating Traumatic Rupture of the Ocular Globe |
| | | Fundoscopic Lesions Identifying Severe Central Nervous System Injury in Children with the Shaken Baby Syndrome |
| | | Madigan Eye and Orbit Trauma Scale |
| | | Risk Factors of Hutton and Fuller for Predicting Outcome After Severe Ocular Injury |
| | | Superior Orbital Fissure Syndrome |
| | | Risk Factors of De Juan et al for Unfavorable Visual Prognosis After a Penetrating Injury to the Eye |
| | | Clinical Findings Following Trauma to the Crystalline Lens |
| | | Indications and Contraindications for Surgical Therapy in a Patient with Traumatic Optic Neuropathy |
| | | Prognostic Factors of Sternberg et al for Visual Outcome After a Penetrating Ocular Injury |
| | | Classification of Bower for Corneal Lacerations |
| | | Orbital Compartment Syndrome |
| | | Types of Vajpayee et al for Breaks in the Posterior Capsule of the Lens After Perforating Ocular Injury |
| | | Risk Factors of McGwin and Owsley for Eye Injury in a Motor Vehicle Collision |
| | | Risk Factors for Ocular Injury from a Champagne Bottle or Other Carbonated Beverage |
| | | Whiplash Maculopathy |
| | | Commotio Retinae After Blunt Ocular Trauma (Berlin's Edema) |
| | | Clinical Findings in Acute Retrobulbar Hemorrhage |
| | | Risk Factors of Lewis and Perry for Acute Retrobulbar Hemorrhage |
| Hypertensive Retinopathy |
| | | Classification of Keith, Wagener and Barker for Hypertensive Retinopathy |
| | | Classification of Scheie for Hypertensive Retinopathy |
| | | Classification of Leishman for Hypertensive Retinopathy |
| | | Calculating the Width of a Parent Retinal Blood Vessel from the Width of Two Branches |
| | | Trunk Diameter Ratio (TDR) for Retinal Arterioles |
| Enucleation, Evisceration and Exenteration |
| | | Indications for Ocular Removal (Enucleation, Evisceration and Exenteration) |
| | | Algorithm of Kaltreider and Lucarelli for Measuring the Implant Size After Enucleation and Evisceration |
| | | Determining the Adequacy of the Reconstruction After Enucleation or Evisceration of the Ocular Globe |
| | | Method of Kaltreider et al for Determining Implant Diameter for an Enucleated Eye from A-Scan Ultrasonography of the Remaining Eye |
| Ophthalmologic Tests |
| | | The Rose Bengal Score |
| | | Fluorescein Staining of the Corneal Surface |
| Glaucoma |
| | | American Academy of Ophthalmology Guidelines for Followup of Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma |
| | | Risk Factor Count of Cummins et al for Development of Glaucoma in a Patient with Ocular Hypertension |
| | | An Algorithm for Glaucoma Screening by Primary Care Providers |
| | | Using the Family Score (FS) in the Evaluation of a Patient for Open Angle Glaucoma (OAG) |
| | | Clinical Presentation of Neonatal Glaucoma in an Infant |
| | | The ISNT Rule of the Optic Nerve Head to Distinguish Normal from Glaucomatous Eyes |
| Nystagmus |
| | | Identifying the General Types of Nystagmus |
| | | Identifying the Type of Vestibular Nystagmus |
| Adverse Effects of Ocular Medications |
| | | Clinical Features of Conjunctivitis Medicamentosa |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| | | Risk Factors for Predicting Choroidal Neovascularization in the Second Eye of a Patient with Neovascularization Due to Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| | | Screening Algorithm of Bressler for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Primary Care |
| | | Simplified Severity Scale from AREDS for Age-Related Macular Degeneration |
| Visual Acuity |
| | | Assessment of the Visual Acuity for Supine Patients Using a Size-Reduced Chart |
| Retinopathy of Prematurity |
| | | Staging of Retinopathy of Prematurity Using the International Classification |
| | | Identification of Threshold and Prethreshold Changes on Ophthalmic Examination for Retinopathy of Prematurity |
| | | Risk Equation of Holmstrom et al for Retinopathy of Prematurity |
| | | Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity |
| Ocular Perfusion Pressure |
| | | Ocular Perfusion Pressure |
| Uveitis |
| | | Criteria for the Diagnosis of the Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome from the American Uveitis Society in 1978 |
| | | Criteria for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease from the First International Workshop in 1999 |
| | | Sympathetic Uveitis (Sympathetic Ophthalmia) Following Penetrating Injury or Surgery |
| | | The Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome Associated with Viral Posterior Uveitis |
| Light Injury to the Eyes (Phototoxicity) |
| | | Clinical Features of Solar Retinopathy |
| | | Ultraviolet Radiation Corneal Injury (Snowblindness, Welder's Arc Burn) |
| | | Light Retinopathy Following Use of an Operating Microscope (Operating Microscope Maculopathy) |
| Optical Radiation Safety |
| | | Classification of Lasers |
| | | Prevention of Eye Damage During the Observation of a Solar Eclipse |
| Hypoxic Injury to the Eye and Optic Nerve |
| | | Hypoperfusion Retinopathy |
| | | Risk Factors for Perioperative Posterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (PION) with Postoperative Vision Loss |
| | | Anterior Segment Ischemia |
| | | HIV-Associated Ischemic Maculopathy |
| Ocular Involvement in Vasculitis |
| | | Risk Factors Associated with Visual Loss in Patients with Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis |
| | | Clinical Features of Idiopathic Retinal Vasculitis, Aneurysms and Neuroretinitis (IRVAN) |
| Disorders of the Eyelids |
| | | Rating Scale of Jankovic for Essential Blepharospasm |
| | | Features of the Floppy Eyelid Syndrome |
| | | Indications for Surgical Management of Ptosis |
| Conjunctival Degenerations |
| | | Risk Factors Associated with Development of Pterygia |
| Retinal Breaks and Detachments |
| | | Risk Factors of van Overdam for Predicting Development of a Retinal Break in a Patient with a Posterior Vitreous Detachment |
| Intra-Ocular and Retinal Hemorrhages |
| | | Valsalva Hemorrhagic Retinopathy |
| | | Criteria of Emerson et al for Neonatal Intraretinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Terson Syndrome Following Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage |
| | | Complications of Vitreous Hemorrhage |
| | | Risk Factors for Roth Spots (White-Centered Retinal Hemorrhage) |
| Changes in Ocular Function with Disorders of the Central Nervous System |
| | | Pattern of Visual Field Loss in a Patient with a CNS Lesion Affecting the Visual Pathways |
| Corneal Transplantation |
| | | Canadian Priority Score for Corneal Transplantation |
| | | Clinical Findings in Corneal Graft Rejection |
| Prediction of the Exposed Ocular Surface Area from the Palpebral Aperture |
| | | Prediction of the Exposed Ocular Surface Area from the Palpebral Aperture |
| Contact Lens Calculations |
| | | Calculation of the Required Power for a Contact Lens Using the Back Vertex Distance (BVD) |
| Intra-Ocular Lens Calculations |
| | | Using the SRK (Sanders, Retzlaff, Kraff) Equation for Calculating the Power Required for an Intraocular Lens (IOL) |
| Optic Neuritis |
| | | Signs and Symptoms Associated with Optic Neuritis |
| | | Signs in a Patient with Possible Optic Neuritis That Should Prompt Consideration of an Alternative Diagnosis |
| | | Postpartum Optic Neuritis Associated with Demyelinating Disease |
| | | Optic Neuritis Associated with Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) alpha Therapy |
| Paraneoplastic Syndromes Affecting the Eye and Vision |
| | | Cancer-Associated Retinopathy (CAR) |
| | | Diagnostic Groups of Pfohler et al for Melanoma-Associated Retinopathy (MAR) |
| Unequal Pupils (Anisocoria) |
| | | Algorithm of Czarnecki et al for Evaluating a Patient with Unequal Pupils |
| | | Holmes-Adie Syndrome |
| | | Clinical Features of Horner's Syndrome |
| Orbital Pseudotumor (Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation) |
| | | Management Algorithm of Ahn Yuen and Rubin for Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation |
| | | Clinical Findings with Orbital Pseudotumor |
| | | Imaging Studies in Orbital Pseudotumor |
| | | Idiopathic Granulomatous Orbital Inflammation |
| Ocular Changes in Vitamin A Deficiency (Xerophthalmia, Keratomalacia) |
| | | Clinical Classification of Xerophthalmia |
| | | Grading Scheme of Makdani et al for Conjunctival Impression Cytology with Transfer (CICT) for the Evaluation of Patients for Vitamin A Deficiency |
| | | Stages of Carlier et al for Cytological Changes of Vitamin A Deficiency Seen in Conjunctival Impression Cytology with Transfer (CICT) Preparations |
| Contact Lens Use |
| | | Potential Problems with Decorative Contact Lenses |
| Ocular Disorders in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease |
| | | Classification of Goldberg for Proliferative Sickle Retinopathy |
| Eye Protection from Physical and Chemical Injury |
| | | Recommendations for Eye Protection in Sports |
| Inflammation and Infection of the Peri-Orbital and Orbital Soft Tissues |
| | | Classification of Chandler et al for Orbital Complications of Acute Sinusitis |
| | | Classification of Moloney et al for Acute Orbital Complications Associated with Acute Sinusitis |
| Intraocular Foreign Bodies |
| | | Reaction Potential for Different Materials in an Intraocular Foreign Body |
| | | Copper Intraocular Foreign Bodies and Chalcosis |
| | | Iron Intraocular Foreign Bodies and Siderosis |
| Ocular Reflexes |
| | | Oculocardiac Reflex |
| Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| | | Stages of Vitreous Change in Retinitis Pigmentosa |
| Macular Hole |
| | | Risk Factors for Formation of a Macular Hole |
| | | Stages of Gass in the Formation of a Macular Hole |
| Ocular Drug and Chemical Toxicity |
| | | Clinical Features of Chloroquine or Hydroxychloroquine Ocular Toxicity |
| | | Tobacco-Alcohol Amblyopia |
| | | Ocular Inflammation Associated with Bisphosphonate Therapy |
| | | Mercurialentis (Brown Reflex, Mercury Deposition in the Lens) |
| | | Gold Deposits in the Eye (Ocular Chrysiasis) |
| | | Gold Dust Retinopathy Associated with High Intake of Canthaxanthin |
| | | Risk Factors for Steroid-Induced Glaucoma |
| | | Causes of Copper Deposits in the Cornea (Chalcosis Corneae) |
| Post-Operative Endophthalmitis |
| | | Risk Factors of Menikoff et al for Endophthalmitis After Intra-Ocular Lens Placement |
| | | Risk Factors of Soltau et al for Infection of a Glaucoma Filtering Bleb |
| Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (ONH) |
| | | Risk Factors Associated with Optic Nerve Hypoplasia |
| | | Criteria of Apple et al for Optic Nerve Hypoplasia |
| | | Clinical Features of Septo-Optic Dysplasia Including Acute Adrenal Insufficiency |
| | | Ratio of the Optic Disc Diameter to Distance from Disc to Macula in a Patient with Optic Nerve Hypoplasia |
| Embolic Retinopathy |
| | | Clinical Features of Purtscher's Retinopathy |
| | | Ocular Findings in the Fat Embolism Syndrome |
| Surgical Glaucoma Filtering Blebs |
| | | Indiana Bleb Appearance Grading Scale (IBAGS) |
| | | Grading Scale of Migdal and Hitchings for a Glaucoma Drainage Bleb |
| | | Indications of Soltau et al for Closing a Late Onset Leak from a Glaucoma Filtering Bleb |
| | | Equation of Kronfeld for Describing the Pressure and Outflow Characteristics After a Fistulizing Operation for Glaucoma |
| | | Rate of Late Onset Bleb-Related Complications Following Trabeculectomy with Mitomycin |
| Color Vision Defects |
| | | Phenotype of a Color Vision Defect |
| | | Factors Affecting the Accuracy of Color Vision Screening |
| Disorders of the Nasolacrimal Duct and Tear Drainage |
| | | Clinical Features of Congenital Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction |
| Differential Diagnosis of Leukokoria (White Pupillary Reflex) |
| | | Differential Diagnosis of Leukokoria (White Pupillary Reflex) |
| Hyperviscosity-Related Retinopathy |
| | | Severity Stages of Menke et al for the Retinopathy in Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia |
| Disorders of Retinal Blood Vessels |
| | | Types of Arteriovenous Malformations Involving Retinal Blood Vessels |
| | | Retinal Arteriovenous Malformations Associated with Arteriovenous Malformations of the Head and Neck (Wyburn Mason Syndrome) |
| Developmental Anomalies of the Optic Nerve Head |
| | | Coloboma |
| | | Clinical Features of the Morning Glory Anomaly |
| Disorders of the Cornea |
| | | Kayser-Fleischer Ring in Wilson's Disease |
| Eye Involvement in Mycobacterial Infections |
| | | Screening Criteria to Identify a Patient with Leprosy Who Should Be Referred to an Ophthalmologist |
| Noninfectious Post-Operative Complications |
| | | Clinical Features of the Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome (TASS) |
| | | Possible Causes of the Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome |
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