 |
 | Serum Anion Gap |
| |  | Calculation of the Serum Anion Gap |
| | | Correction of the Observed Serum Anion Gap for Hypoalbuminemia |
| | | Strong Ion Gap (SIG) |
| | | Calculating the Serum Anion Gap Including Anions in Low Concentrations |
| | | Net Negative Charge Associated with a Serum Protein |
| Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease |
| |  | Cholesterol Level Interpretation |
| | | Estimation of VLDL and LDL Cholesterol with the Friedewald Formulas |
| | | Total Cholesterol-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio |
| | | LDL Cholesterol-to-HDL Cholesterol Ratio |
| | | National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP II) Treatment Criteria for Hypercholesterolemia |
| | | Revised NCEP II Treatment Criteria for the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia |
| | | NCEP Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) Classification of Abnormal Serum Lipids and LDL Cholesterol Treatment Goals |
| | | Risk for Premature Coronary Heart Disease in a Pediatric Patient with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia |
| Serum Osmolality and Osmolal Gap |
| | | Discussion on Osmolality |
| | | Calculated Serum Osmolality & Osmolal Gap (Conventional Units) |
| | | Equations of Khajuria and Krahn for Calculating Serum Osmolality |
| Calcium |
| | | Protein Bound Calcium and Correction for Abnormal Albumin |
| | | Estimating Ionized Calcium Levels |
| | | Adjusting Ionized Calcium for Heparin |
| | | Adjusting Ionized Calcium for pH |
| | | Level of Care for Cancer-Related Hypercalcemia |
| | | Evaluation of a Patient for Cancer-Associated Hypercalcemia |
| | | Hypercalcemia Associated with Sarcoid or Other Granulomatous Disease |
| | | Hypercalcemia in the Milk-Alkali Syndrome |
| | | Evaluation of a Patient with Hypercalcemia or Hypocalcemia Based on Restuls of Serum Vitamin D Tests |
| Glucose and Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | Estimate of Plasma Glucose from Glycohemoglobin |
| | | Glycohemoglobin and the Risk of Microalbuminuria |
| | | Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Nonpregnant Adult |
| | | Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Pediatric Population |
| | | Glucose Tolerance Test, Intravenous |
| | | Glucose in Whole Blood vs Plasma |
| | | Tolbutamide Tolerance Test |
| | | American Diabetes Association 1997 Criteria for Testing Asymptomatic, Undiagnosed Individuals for Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | American Diabetes Association 1997 Criteria for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus in the Nonpregnant Adult |
| | | Corrected Serum Sodium Level for High Glucose Levels |
| | | Indications for Measuring Fructosamine in a Diabetic Patient |
| | | Use of Fructosamine in the Evaluation of a Diabetic Patient |
| | | Index of Hathaway et al for Predicting Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus (PTDM) |
| | | Screening Patients for Drug-Induced Hyperglycemia |
| | | Guidelines for Hospital Admission in a Patient with Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | Index of Perea-Carrasco et al for Detection of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | Calculating the Area Under the Curve for the Glucose Tolerance Test |
| | | Evaluating a Pregnant Woman with Severe Nausea and Vomiting for Gestational Diabetes |
| | | Troubleshooting a Diabetic Patient with a Persistently High Hemoglobin A1c Despite Apparently Optimum Therapy |
| | | Risk Factors for Hypoglycemia in Patients Who Use Insulin (Insulin Reaction) |
| | | Clinical Symptoms of Hypoglycemia |
| | | Risk Factors for Failing to Recognize Hypoglycemia in a Diabetic |
| | | Risk Factors for Developing Hyperglycemia in a Diabetic |
| | | Clinical Findings in Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
| | | Score of Glumer et al for the Risk of Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | Symptoms and Risk Factor Questionnaire (SR-Q) of Ruige et al to Screen for Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) |
| | | Predictive Models of Baan et al to Screen Adults for Diabetes Mellitus (Rotterdam Predictive Model) |
| | | Diabetes Risk Score of Griffin et al for Identifying Patients in General Practice at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Cambridge Risk Score) |
| | | Risk Factors of Rewers et al for Complications in Pediatric Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | Adjustment of Insulin Dose for Travel Between Several Time Zones |
| | | Management of a Patient with Severe Hypoglycemia Secondary to an Overdose of Insulin or an Oral Hypoglycemic Agent |
| | | Diabetes Risk Score of Lindstrom and Tuomilehto |
| | | Predictive Equation of Tabaei and Herman to Screen for Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | Predictive Equation of Stern et al to Screen for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | Chemical or Drug-Induced Hyperglycemia and Diabetes |
| | | Clinical Features of Nonketotic Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Coma in a Diabetic |
| | | Clinical Features of Diabetes Caused by Diuretic Drugs or Hypokalemia |
| | | Clinical Features of Maturity Onset Diabetes of Youth (MODY) |
| | | Criteria of the American Diabetes Association for the Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes in Pediatric Patients |
| | | Peripheral Edema or Acute Heart Failure Following Insulin Administration in a Diabetic (Insulin-Induced Edema) |
| | | Risk Factors for Drug-Induced Hypoglycemia |
| | | Clinical Features of Diabetes Complicating Chronic Pancreatitis |
| | | Clinical Screening Tool of Fourlanos et al for Identifying Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus in an Adult |
| | | Risk Factors of Davidson et al for New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus After Organ Transplantation |
| | | Determining the Amount of Glucose Tolerance Beverage (Glucola) to Give for an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
| | | Risk Factors of Saliba et al for New Onset Diabetes Mellitus Following a Liver Transplant |
| | | Prediction Rule of Kanaya et al for Development of Diabetes in an Older Adult |
| | | Model of Schmidt et al for Identifying a Patient at High Risk for Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | Risk Score of Ramachandran et al for Diabetes in an Urban Asian Indian |
| | | Criteria of Norberg et al for Identifying a Patient at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes |
| | | German Diabetes Risk Score of Schulze et al |
| | | Classification of Balasubramanyam et al for Ketosis Prone Diabetes (KPD) |
| | | Risk Factors of Mauvais-Jarvis for Nonautoimmune Ketosis-Prone Diabetes |
| | | Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) of Mohan et al |
| | | Interpretation of Glycohemoglobin and Fructosamine Levels in a Patient with Liver Disease |
| | | Indications for Testing a Pediatric Patient for Type 2 Diabetes |
| | | Identification of a Woman at Low Risk for Gestational Diabetes Who May Not Need an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
| | | Identification of a Woman at Low Risk for Gestational Diabetes Who May Not Need an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
| | | Risk Factors of Murata et al for Hypoglycemia in a Patient with Insulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| Insulin and C-Peptide |
| | | Insulin-to-Glucose Ratio |
| | | Insulin-to-C-Peptide Ratio |
| | | C-Peptide Response to Glucagon Stimulation in Diabetes Mellitus |
| | | The Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and Insulin Resistance Index |
| | | The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA), Beta Cell Function and Insulin Resistance |
| | | The Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome (IAS, Hirata Disease) |
| | | Clinical Features of Hereditary Exercise-Induced Hyperinsulinemic (EIHI) Hypoglycemia |
| | | Insulin Area Under the Curve (AUC) During an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
| | | Indications and Contraindications for the Use of Inhaled Insulin in a Diabetic |
| | | Calculation of an Inhaled Insulin Dose for a Diabetic |
| | | Treat-to-Target Insulin Titration Schedule of Riddle et al for a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes |
| | | Prognostic Factors of Megarbane et al Following an Insulin Overdose |
| Cystic Fibrosis |
| | | Indications for Sweat Testing |
| | | Measuring Chloride Concentration in Sweat Collected on Gauze or Filter Paper |
| | | Measuring Sodium Concentration in Sweat Collected on Gauze or Filter Paper |
| | | Pilocarpine Delivery and Current Density in Sweat Collection |
| | | Criteria for the Diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis |
| Thyroid Hormones and the Thyroid Gland |
| | | Free Thyroxine Index (FTI, T-7, Thyroid Hormone Binding Ratio) |
| | | Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) Test |
| | | Triiodothyronine-to-Thyroxine Ratio |
| | | Thyroxine-to-Thyroxine Binding Globulin Ratio |
| | | Estimate of Thyroid Volume from Body Weight and Age |
| | | Estimate of Thyroid Volume from Urinary Iodine Excretion |
| | | WHO Classification of Goiter Size |
| | | WHO Stage and Endemic Goiter in the Community |
| | | Thyroid Testing Algorithm |
| | | Clinical Diagnostic Index of Crooks et al for Thyrotoxicosis |
| | | Clinical Score of Zulewski et al for Hypothyroidism |
| | | Clinical Index of Billewicz et al for Hypothyroidism |
| | | Thyrotoxicosis Factitia and Serum Thyroglobulin Levels |
| | | Color Flow Doppler Sonography (CFDS) Patterns for the Thyroid Gland |
| | | Classification of Amiodarone-Induced Thyrotoxicosis |
| | | Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS, Sick Euthyroid Syndrome, Euthyroid Sick Syndrome, Low T3 Syndrome) |
| | | Method of Bouillon et al for Measuring Fecal Thyroxine in the Diagnosis of Thyrotoxicosis Factitia |
| | | Thoracic Outlet Obstruction Associated with a Large Thyroid Goiter (Pemberton's Sign and Maneuver) |
| | | Indications of Rehman and Bajwa for Referring a Patient with Hypothyroidism to an Endocrinologist |
| | | Compression Syndromes Associated with a Substernal Goiter |
| | | Recommendations of Hurley and Gharib for Management of Multinodular Goiter |
| | | Clinical Features of Thyroid Storm (Thyrotoxic Crisis, Accelerated Hyperthyroidism) |
| | | Factors Capable of Precipitating Myxedema Coma in a Hypothyroid Patient |
| | | Clinical and Laboratory Features of Myxedema Coma |
| | | Prognostic Factors of Hylander and Rosenqvist for a Patient with Myxedema Coma |
| | | Therapy for a Patient with Myxedema Coma |
| | | Clinical and Laboratory Findings of Skuza et al Associated with Neonatal Hyperthyroidism in a Neonate Born to a Mother with Graves Disease |
| | | Factors Affecting Levothyroxine Dosage Requirements |
| | | Formulae of Kabadi and Jackson for Daily Levothyroxine Dose Based on the Serum Thyrotropin Concentration |
| | | Binding-Stimulation Index (BSI) of Tamaki et al for Evaluating a Newborn for Overt Thyrotoxicosis |
| Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Activity and the Parathyroid Glands |
| | | Chloride-to-Phosphorus Ratio |
| | | Urinary cAMP Excretion Rate and Nephrogenous cAMP |
| | | Serum PTH Activity and Serum Calcium |
| | | Risk Factors of Pattou et al for Predicting Permanent Hypoparathyroidism After Thyroid Surgery |
| | | Method of Yamashita et al for Predicting Postoperative Tetany Following Thyroid Surgery in Women With Graves's Disease |
| | | Criteria for the Diagnosis of Double Parathyroid Adenomas |
| | | Indications for Parathyroidectomy in a Patient with Renal Hyperparathyroidism |
| | | Indications for Parathyroidectomy in a Patient with Primary Hyperparathyroidism |
| | | Risk Factors of Abboud et al for Hypocalcemia After Thyroidectomy |
| | | CaPTHUS Model of Kebebew et al for Evaluating a Patient with Primary Hyperparathyroidism |
| | | Protocol of Diaz-Aguirregoitia et al for Documenting Complete Removal of a Parathyroid Adenoma By a Fall in the Serum Total Calcium Concentration |
| | | Intraoperative Monitoring of Serum Parathyroid Hormone Levels During Removal of a Parathyroid Adenoma |
| Ratio of Urinary Beta-to-Alpha 17-Ketosteroids |
| | | Ratio of Urinary Beta-to-Alpha 17-Ketosteroids |
| Luteinizing and Follicular Stimulating Hormones (LH and FSH) |
| | | LH-to-FSH Ratio |
| | | Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test for LH and FSH |
| Serum Proteins |
| | | Serum Albumin-to-Globulin Ratio |
| | | Indications and Nonindications for Infusion of Albumin |
| | | Acute Phase Reactants |
| Pseudocholinesterase and the Dibucaine Number |
| | | Pseudocholinesterase and the Dibucaine Number |
| Iron Measurements |
| | | Serum Transferrin Saturation |
| | | Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) and Transferrin |
| | | Serum Ferritin and Estimate of Body Iron Stores |
| | | Serum Transferrin Receptor to Ferritin Index |
| | | Transferrin Index in Iron Overload |
| Sodium |
| | | Hyponatremia and Body Water Excess |
| | | Hyponatremia and Body Sodium Deficit |
| | | Hypernatremia and Body Water Deficit |
| | | Evaluation of Hypernatremia |
| | | Evaluation of Hyponatremia Using Serum Osmolality and Extracellular Fluid Volume |
| | | Dilutional Hyponatremia Following Surgery Using Electrolyte-Free Irrigating Solutions (Transurethral Resection (TUR) Syndrome, Etc.) |
| | | Criteria of Meadow for Hypernatremia from Intentional Salt Poisoning as a Form of Munchausen Syndrome By Proxy |
| | | Estimating Salt Intake in a Patient with Intentional Salt Poisoning Based on the Serum Sodium Concentration |
| | | Correcting the Measured Serum Sodium for the Amount of Plasma or Serum Water in a Patient with Increased Lipid or Protein Concentrations |
| | | Pseudohyponatremia |
| Potassium |
| | | Body Potassium Stores |
| | | Evaluation of Hypokalemia |
| | | Evaluation and Management of Hyperkalemia |
| | | Estimating Total Exchangeable Potassium |
| | | Pseudohyperkalemia |
| | | Hypokalemia and Hypertension Associated with Licorice (Liquorice) Ingestion |
| | | Equations of Kehayias et al for Predicting Total Body Potassium from Age |
| | | Risk Factors of Tang et al for Hyperkalemia in a Person Treated with Inhibitor of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System |
| Disorders of Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) |
| | | Water Deprivation Test for Diabetes Insipidus |
| | | Water Loading Test of the Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH) |
| | | Hypertonic Saline Infusion Test |
| | | Transient Vasopressin-Resistant Diabetes Insipidus of Pregnancy |
| Evaluation of a Patient for Pheochromocytoma |
| | | Urinary Metanephrine-to-Creatinine Ratio |
| | | Factitious Pheochromocytoma Associated with Self-Injection of Epinephrine |
| | | Clonidine Suppression Test |
| | | Clinical Symptoms of Kohane et al for Pheochromocytoma in a Pediatric Patient |
| | | Multiple Organ Failure (MOF) in a Patient with Pheochromocytoma |
| Renin Levels in Hypertension |
| | | Captopril Test |
| | | Renal Vein Renin Studies |
| | | Score for Surgical Curability in Renovascular Hypertension |
| ACTH Stimulation Tests |
| | | Short ACTH Test (Rapid ACTH Test, Cortrosyn Stimulation Test, Short Tetracosactrin Test) in Suspected Adrenal Insufficiency |
| | | Short ACTH Test in the Diagnosis of Adrenal Hyperplasia Associated with 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency |
| | | Metyrapone Stimulation Test for ACTH, Single Dose |
| | | Metyrapone Stimulation Test for ACTH, Multiple Doses |
| | | Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH) Stimulation Test |
| Calcitonin Stimulation Test with Combined Pentagastrin-Calcium Infusion |
| | | Calcitonin Stimulation Test with Combined Pentagastrin-Calcium Infusion |
| Tests for Primary Hyperaldosteronism |
| | | Aldosterone-to-Cortisol Ratio |
| | | Aldosterone-to-Renin Ratio |
| Evaluation of a Patient with an Adrenal Mass |
| | | Algorithm of Barnett for Evaluation of a Patient with an Isolated, Incidentally Identified Adrenal Mass |
| | | Algorithm of Cook for Evaluation of a Patient with an Incidental Adrenal Mass |
| Growth Hormone Excess and Acromegaly |
| | | Modified Symptom Score of Verhelst et al for a Patient with Acromegaly |
| | | Consensus Criteria of Giustina et al for Treatment Outcome in a Patient with Acromegaly |
| | | Consensus Criteria of Giustina et al for Exclusion of Acromegaly Using Laboratory Tests |
| | | Risk Factors of Holdaway et al for Mortality in Acromegaly |
| | | Clinical Activity Score of Kahaly et al for a Patient with Acromegaly |
| | | Clinical Activity Score of Jasper et al for a Patient with Acromegaly |
| Metabolic Measures of Alcohol Consumption |
| | | Liver Function Tests |
| | | Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin and the Transferrin Index |
| | | Urine 5-Hydroxytryptophol |
| | | Fatty Acid Ethyl Esters in Blood |
| | | Screening Pregnant Women for Significant Alcohol Consumption Using a Metabolic Panel |
| | | Ethyl Glucuronide to Screen for Ethanol Consumption |
| Protease-Inhibitor Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome |
| | | Criteria for the Protease-Inhibitor Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome |
| | | Determining the Clinical Severity of Protease-Inhibitor Associated Lipodystrophy |
| | | HIV-Associated Facial Lipoatrophy Grading Scale of James et al |
| | | HIV Lipodystrophy Scoring System |
| Porphyria and Related Disorders of Heme Biosynthesis |
| | | Algorithm of Tefferi et al for Interpretation of Urine Porphyrins |
| | | Factors That May Precipitate Symptoms in a Patient with Porphyria |
| | | Clinical Features of an Acute Porphyric Attack |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism |
| | | Clinical Findings Suggesting the Presence of an Inherited Metabolic Disease in an Infant |
| | | Differential Diagnosis of an Infant or Child Presenting with Acidosis and/or Ketosis |
| | | Initial Evaluation of a Neonate with an Elevated Plasma Ammonia Concentration |
| | | Clinical Features of Trimethylaminuria (Fish Malodor Syndrome) |
| | | Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Chronic Intermittent Isovaleric Acidemia |
| | | Screening for a Urea Cycle Disorder Prior to Initiation of Valproic Acid Therapy |
| | | Clinical and Laboratory Features of Lysinuric Protein Intolerance (LPI) |
| Dexamethasone Suppression Tests for Diagnosis or Exclusion of CushingÕs Disease or Syndrome |
| | | The Overnight Low Dose Dexamethasone Suppression Screening Test |
| Magnesium |
| | | Use of an Intravenous Loading Test to Diagnose Magnesium Deficiency |
| | | Risk Factors for Hypermagnesemia |
| | | Clinical Findings in Hypermagnesemia |
| | | Equation of Koch et al for Estimating Ionized Magnesium Levels from the Total Magnesium Concentration |
| | | Causes of Magnesium Depletion and Hypomagnesemia |
| | | Screening a Patient for Magnesium Deficiency with Magnesium Excretion in a 24 Hour Urine |
| Fluid and Electrolyte Requirements and Replacement |
| | | Estimating Dehydration and Fluid Volume Depletion in Cholera and Other Conditions |
| | | Fluid and Electrolyte Loss Associated with Various Body Secretions |
| | | Method of Holliday and Segar for Determining the Maintenance Fluid and Electrolyte Requirements of a Hospitalized Patient |
| | | Formula for Estimating the Change in Serum Sodium Levels During Treatment of Hyponatremia |
| | | The WHO Reduced Osmolarity Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) |
| | | Replacement of Fluid Loss By Administering Fluids Per Rectum |
| | | Risk Factors from the American Medical Directors Association for Dehydration or Fluid-Electrolyte Imbalance |
| | | Ways to Alter the Infusion Rate of Fluids into a Patient (Including Poiseuille's Law) |
| Copper |
| | | Non-Ceruloplasmin Bound Serum Copper (Copper Index) |
| Lactic Acidosis |
| | | Criteria for the Diagnosis of D-Lactic Acidosis |
| | | Clinical Types of Lactic Acidosis |
| | | Risk Factors of Marceau et al for Hyperlactatemia in an HIV-Positive Patient |
| | | Diagnostic Approach of Marceau et al for Hyperlactatemia in an HIV-Positive Patient |
| | | Risk Factors for Lactic Acidosis in a Patient Taking Metformin |
| | | Lactic Acidosis in a Patient with Neoplastic Disease |
| | | Blood Lactate to Pyruvate Ratio in a Patient with Congenital Lactic Acidosis |
| The Metabolic Syndrome (Insulin Resistance Syndrome, Syndrome X) |
| | | Criteria for the Diagnosis of the Metabolic Syndrome |
| Vitamin D-Resistant Rickets |
| | | Criteria for Hypophosphatemic Rickets |
| | | Algorithm of Aurbach et al for Using Serum Chemistry Values to Classify a Patient with Rickets or Osteomalacia |
| Ketoacidosis and Ketone Bodies |
| | | Alcoholic Ketoacidosis and Beta-Hydroxybutyric Acid (BHBA) |
| | | The Ketone Body Ratio in Patients with Liver Disease |
| Adrenal Insufficiency |
| | | Guidelines of Coursin and Wood for Adrenal Supplementation Therapy in Patients with Adrenal Insufficiency |
| | | SESAP Guidelines for Corticosteroid Supplementation in a Surgical Patient |
| | | Risk Factors for Acute Hemorrhage into the Adrenal Glands |
| | | Diagnosis of a Patient with Acute Hemorrhage into the Adrenal Glands |
| | | Clinical Features of Acute Adrenal Crisis (Acute Addisonian Crisis) |
| | | Criteria of Marik et al for the Hepatoadrenal Syndrome |
| | | Clinical and Laboratory Features of the Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Unresponsiveness |
| Phosphorus |
| | | The Phosphorus Depletion Syndrome in Severe Hypophosphatemia |
| | | Protocol of Taylor et al for Phosphorus Repletion in a Patient in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit |
| | | Protocol of Rosen et al for Phosphate Repletion for a Critically Ill Patient with Moderate Hypophosphatemia |
| | | Risk Factors of Beloosesky et al for Hyperphosphatemia and Hypokalemia in an Elderly Patient Receiving Oral Sodium Phosphate for Bowel Cleansing |
| Hypopituitarism |
| | | Sheehan's Syndrome |
| | | Pituitary Apoplexy |
| | | Equations of Di Chiro for Calculating the Volume of the Pituitary Gland |
| | | The Empty Sella Syndrome |
| | | Clinical Symptoms of Hypopituitarism in Children |
| | | Clinical Symptoms of Hypopituitarism in Adults |
| | | Risk Factors of Tomlinson et al for Premature Mortality in a Patient with Hypopituitarism |
| | | Clinical Features of Lymphocytic Hypophysitis |
| | | Clinical Features of Pituitary Hypoplasia Associated with Midline Facial Defects and Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiencies (MPHD) |
| Alpha-1-Antitrypsin (AAT) Deficiency |
| | | Indications to Screen a Patient for Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency |
| | | Features of Pediatric Liver Disease Associated with PI*ZZ Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency |
| | | Serum Levels of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin |
| | | Risk Factors for Pulmonary Disease in a Patient with Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency |
| Growth Hormone Deficiency or Insensitivity |
| | | FDA Indications for Therapy with Growth Hormone |
| | | Indications for Evaluating a Child for Growth Hormone Deficiency |
| | | Growth Hormone Insensitivity Syndrome with Laron Dwarfism |
| | | Score of Savage et al for Identifying a Patient with the Growth Hormone Insensitivity Syndrome |
| | | Score of Blum et al for Identifying a Patient with the Growth Hormone Receptor Deficiency (GHRD, Modified Savage Score) |
| Hyperadrenocorticism and Cushing's Syndrome |
| | | Clinical Features of Ross and Linch for Patients with Cushing's Syndrome |
| | | Discriminant Indices of Ross and Linch When Evaluating an Obese Patient for Cushing's Syndrome |
| | | Factitious Cushing's Syndrome |
| | | Differentiation of the Pseudo-Cushing Syndrome from Cushing's Syndrome |
| Corticosteroid Therapy |
| | | Complications of Prolonged or High Dose Glucocorticoid Therapy |
| | | Corticosteroid Withdrawal |
| Chloride |
| | | Pseudohyperchloremia and Decreased Anion Gap in Bromide or Iodide Intoxication |
| Serum Antioxidant Activity |
| | | Antioxidant Gap |
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