 |
 | Studies of Gastric Function |
| |  | Gastric Fluid Analysis |
| | | Sham Feeding Test |
| | | Gastrin Stimulation Test Using Secretin (Secretin Test) |
| Intestinal Absorption Studies |
| |  | Percent Coefficient of Fat Retention |
| | | D-Xylose Absorption Test |
| | | Method for Quantitative Fecal Fat Microscopy of Fine and Ogunji |
| | | The Acid Steatocrit for Estimating Fecal Fat |
| | | Microscopic Examination of Drummey et al for Fecal Fat |
| | | Screening Test for Iron Malabsorption |
| | | Oral Lactose Tolerance Test |
| | | Schilling Test for Absorption of Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) |
| | | Sugar Permability Testing: The Lactulose/Rhamnose (L/R) Ratio |
| | | Sugar Permability Testing: The D-Xylose to OMG Ratio |
| | | Sugar Permability Testing: The L-Rhamnose to OMG Ratio |
| | | Oxalate Loading Test of Rampton et al to Screen for Steatorrhea |
| | | Steatocrit of Guarino et al for Estimating Fecal Fat |
| Fecal Analysis |
| | | Stool Consistency Scale |
| | | Fecal Osmotic Gap and Electrolyte Content |
| | | Preparations Before Guaiac-Based Fecal Occult Blood Analysis to Minimize False Results |
| | | Fecal Color (Colored Stool) |
| Esophagitis and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) |
| | | Los Angeles Classification of Esophagitis |
| | | Histologic Grades of Reflux Disease |
| | | Risk Factors Predictive of Barrett's Esophagus |
| | | Stages of Savary and Miller for Endoscopic Changes in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
| | | MUSE (Metaplasia, Ulcer, Stricture, Erosion) Classification for the Endoscopic Appearance of Reflux Esophagitis |
| | | Staging Scheme of Duranceau and Jamieson for the Severity of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
| | | Algorithm of Frantzides et al for Evaluation of a Patient with Gastroesophageal Reflux |
| | | The Symptom Index (SI) of Ward et al for Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux |
| | | The Symptom Sensitivity Index of Breumelhof and Smout for Gastroesophageal Reflux |
| | | Binomial Symptom Index (BSI) of Johnston et al for Determining If Symptoms Occurred By Chance or Were Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux |
| | | Alarm Symptoms for Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
| | | Symptom Score of Demeester et al for Gastroesophageal Reflux |
| | | Clinical Features of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in an Adult |
| | | Clinical Features of Eosinophilic Esophagitis in a Pediatric Patient |
| | | Giant Ulceration in the Esophagus of an HIV-Infected Patient |
| Esophageal Varices and Upper Gastrointestinal (GI) Hemorrhage |
| | | Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Predictive Index for Upper GI Hemorrhage |
| | | Outcome after Acute Hemorrhage from Esophageal Varices |
| | | The North Italian Endoscopic Club (NIEC) Index for Patients with Cirrhosis of the Liver and Esophageal Varices |
| | | Prediction of Variceal Hemorrhage by Endoscopy |
| | | Prediction of Hemorrhage from Gastric Fundal Varices |
| | | Scoring System of Snady and Feinman for Predicting Hemorrhage from Esophageal Varices |
| | | Risk Score of Blatchford et al for Predicting the Need to Treat Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Score of Saeed et al for Predicting Rebleed After Endoscopic Therapy of Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (Baylor Bleeding Score) |
| | | The Rockall Risk Scoring System in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Scoring System of Pimpl et al for Predicting the Mortality Rate Associated with Severe Gastroduodenal Hemorrhage |
| | | Risk Factors of Tryba et al for Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Risk Factors of Tryba et al for Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Modified for Children |
| | | Illness Severity Index Score of Zinner et al for Risk of Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding for Patients in the Intensive Care Unit |
| | | The Zinner Index Modified for Predicting the Risk of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children |
| | | The Logistic Regression Equation of Lopex-Herce et al for Predicting the Risk of Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Children |
| | | Predictors of Zimmerman et al for Mortality in Patients Admitted with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Risk Factors of Bordley et al for Identifying Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Who Are at Low Risk |
| | | Caliber Persistent Artery in the Stomach (Dieulafoy's Lesion) |
| | | Decision Rule of Corley et al for Adverse Outcome in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Using Data Available at Initial Presentation |
| | | Triage Rule of Kollef et al for Patients with Acute Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage (BLEED Classification Tool) |
| | | Score of Provenzale et al for Predicting Mortality in a Patient with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Criteria of Oshita et al to Grade the Severity of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (GAVE, "Watermelon" Stomach) |
| | | Prognostic Index of Zoli et al for Prediction of the First Bleeding from the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract in a Patient with Cirrhosis |
| | | Clinical Risk Factors of Clason et al for Further Hemorrhage or Mortality in a Patient with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Risk Factors of Luketic and Sanyal for Recurrent Bleeding from Eosphageal Varices |
| | | Predictors of Chalasani et al for Large Esophageal Varices in a Patient with Cirrhosis |
| | | Use of the Serum BUN-to-Creatinine Ratio to Identify a Patient with Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Bleeding |
| | | Study of Cosgrove and Riou for the Impact of Comorbid Disease on Mortality Associated with Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Models of Siringo et al for Predicting the Time to the First Variceal Hemorrhage in a Patient with Cirrhosis |
| | | Platelet Count to Spleen Diameter Ratio of Giannini et al for Identifying a Patient with Cirrhosis Likely to Have Esophageal Varices |
| | | Predictors of Thomopoulos et al for the Presence of Esophageal Varices in a Patient with Cirrhosis |
| | | Recommendations of Urashima et al for Using the BUN-to-Creatinine Ratio in a Pediatric Patient with Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Risk Factors of Kollef et al for Mortality in a Patient with Acute Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Model of Chen et al for Predicting Mortality in a Patient with Cirrhosis and Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Risk Factors of Chen et al for Mortality in a Patient with Cirrhosis and Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Criteria from the Baveno IV Workshop for Failure to Control Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Associated with Portal Hypertension |
| | | Criteria from the Baveno IV Workshop for Failure of Secondary Prophylaxis to Prevent Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Associated with Portal Hypertension |
| | | Prognostic Index of Ben-Ari et al for Failure to Control Acute Variceal Bleeding |
| | | Predictive Factors of Marmo et al for Mortality Following Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Criteria of Marmo et al for Persistent and Recurrent Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| Disorders of Esophageal Motility amd Gastric Contractility |
| | | Treatment Algorithm of Richter for Achalasia |
| | | Grade of Achalasia on Barium Swallow Radiography |
| | | Symptom Score of Zaninotto et al for Patients with Achalasia |
| | | Conditions Associated with Delayed Gastric Emptying, Gastric Atony and Gastroparesis |
| | | Clinical Findings in a Patient with Gastroparesis |
| | | Conditions Associated with Rapid Gastric Emptying |
| Dyspepsia |
| | | Dyspepsia-related Health Scale Questionnaire of Kuykendall et al |
| | | Glasgow Dyspepsia Severity Score |
| | | ALARM Symptoms Indicating the Possibility of Cancer in a Patient with Dyspepsia |
| | | The Hong Kong Index of Dyspepsia |
| | | The Rome II Criteria for Functional Dyspepsia |
| | | Dyspepsia Severity Index of De Luca et al (Mean Global Severity Index, 8-MGSI) |
| Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer Disease |
| | | Risk Factors in Perforated Duodenal Ulcers (Boey Score) |
| | | Classification of Visick for Outcome Following Peptic Ulcer Surgery |
| | | The Sydney System for the Histologic Classification of Gastritis |
| | | Clinical Features of Autoimmune Gastritis (Atrophic Gastritis with Pernicious Anemia) |
| | | Risk Factors of Noguiera et al for Morbidity and Mortality in a Patient with a Perforated Peptic Ulcer |
| | | Classifications of Rugge and Genta for Staging and Grading of Chronic Gastritis |
| | | Histologic Features of Chemical Gastropathy |
| | | Surgical Classification of Gastric Ulcers |
| | | Risk Factors for a Refractory Peptic Ulcer |
| | | Risk Factors for Peptic Ulcer Disease |
| | | Risk Factors of Kocer et al for Mortality After Perforation of a Peptic Ulcer |
| | | Criteria of Gralnek et al for Identifying a Patient Bleeding from Peptic Ulcer Disease Who Can Be Discharged Quickly or Treated As an Outpatient |
| Ascites and Peritoneal Fluid |
| | | Peritoneal and Plasma Lactic Acid in Patients with Acute Abdomen |
| | | Diagnosis of Bacterial Infection of Ascitic Fluid |
| | | Distinguishing Malignant Ascites from Ascites due to Cirrhosis or Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| | | Two Step Approach to Evaluation of Ascites Starting with the Albumin Gradient and White Blood Cell Count |
| | | Sterile Peritoneal Fluid Eosinophilia |
| | | Indications of Such and Runyon for Performing Paracentesis in a Patient with Ascites |
| | | Criteria of Young and Wong for the Therapeutic Response in Cirrhotic Ascites, Including Refractory Ascites |
| | | Classification of Farkas et al for the Quantity of Free Peritoneal Fluid Seen on Abdominal Ultrasonography |
| | | Criteria of Runyon for Diagnosing Choleperitoneum Based on Ascites Fluid Bilirubin Concentration and the Ascites Fluid to Serum Bilirubin Ratio |
| | | CT Criteria of Halvorsen et al for Distinguishing Ascites from a Pleural Effusion |
| | | Clinical Features of Urinary Ascites |
| | | Recommendations of Rimola for Testing a Patient with Cirrhosis and Ascites to Detect Peritonitis |
| | | Criteria of van der Gaag et al for Chylous Ascites Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy |
| | | Grading System of van der Gaag et al for Chylous Ascites Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy |
| Appendicitis |
| | | The Score of Alvarado for the Early Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis |
| | | Scoring System of Teicher et al for the Diagnosis of Appendicitis |
| | | Clinical Algorithm of Paulson et al for Suspected Appendicitis |
| | | Study of Oliak et al for the Diagnosis of Perforated Appendicitis or Gangrenous Based on CT Scan Findings |
| | | Abdominal Pain Index of Van Way et al for Diagnosis of Acute Appendictis |
| | | Clinical Scoring Index of Graham for the Diagnosis of Perforation or Gangrenous Appendicitis in a Patient with Acute Appendicitis |
| | | Appendicitis Following Appendectomy |
| | | Model of Margenthaler et al for 30-Day Morbidity After Appendectomy in an Adult |
| | | Model of Margenthaler et al for 30-Day Mortality After Appendectomy in an Adult |
| | | Causes of a Delayed Appendectomy for Appendicitis |
| | | CT Findings of Hansen et al Associated with the Severity of Acute Appendicitis |
| | | Diagnostic Score of Jahn et al for Acute Appendicitis |
| | | Pinch-an-Inch Test for Evaluating a Patient with Abdominal Pain |
| | | Risk Factors of Bickell et al for Appendiceal Rupture and Delayed Surgery for a Patient with Acute Appendicitis |
| | | Diagnostic Score of Lintula et al for Appendicitis in Children |
| | | Clinical Decision Rules of Kharbanda et al to Identify a Child with a Low Risk of Appendicitis |
| | | Risk Factors of Brender et al for Perforation in a Child with Appendicitis |
| | | Pediatic Appendicitis Score (PAS) of Samuel |
| | | Clinical Score of Dado et al for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Childhood (Modified Lindberg Score) |
| | | Model of van den Broek et al for Diagnosing Acute Appendicitis in Children |
| | | Simple Scoring System of Christian and Christian for Acute Appendicitis |
| | | Score of Ramirez and Deus for Evaluating a Patient for Appendicitis |
| | | Clinical Score of Lindberg and Fenyo for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis |
| | | Score of Fenyo for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in an Adult |
| | | Risk Factors of Henry et al for Abdominal Abscess in a Pediatric Patient with a Perforated Appendix |
| | | Score of Eskelinen et al for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis |
| | | CT Inflammation Grades of Siewert et al for Appendicitis |
| Esophageal Atresia and Tracheo-Esophageal Fistula |
| | | Prognostic Score of Rokitansky et al in Esophageal Atresia |
| | | Prognostic Factors of Waterston et al in Esophageal Atresia and/or Tracheoesophageal Fistula |
| | | Clinical Syndromic Groups in Patients with a Tracheoesophageal Defect |
| | | Major Types of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula (after Spitz and Waterston et al). |
| | | Prognostic Groups of Spitz et al for Neonates with Esophageal Atresia |
| | | Clinical Findings in an Acquired Tracheoesophageal or Bronchoesophageal Fistula |
| Constipation |
| | | Constipation Scoring System |
| | | Constipation Assessment Scale |
| | | Risk Factors for Short-Term Persistence of Constipation in Children |
| | | The Stool Retention Rating Record of Barr et al for Plain Films of the Abdomen |
| | | Fecal Load Grading of Blethyn et al Using Plain Films of the Abdomen |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Functional Constipation |
| | | Use of Radiopaque Markers to Evaluate a Patient with Constipation |
| | | Criteria of Maurer et al for Stercoral Ulceration and Perforation of the Colon |
| | | Criteria of Benninga et al for Pediatric Constipation |
| | | Recommended Fluid Intake to Reduce the Severity of Constipation |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Pelvic Floor Dyssynergia |
| | | Risk Factors for Constipation |
| | | Management of a Patient with Constipation |
| | | Criteria of the Paris Consensus on Childhood Constipation Terminology (PaCCT) Group for Chronic Constipation |
| | | Management of Constipation in a Patient Being Treated with an Opioid Analgesic |
| Fecal Incontinence |
| | | Fecal Incontinence Grading Scale of Jorge and Wexner |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Functional Fecal Incontinence |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Functional Non-Retentive Fecal Soiling in Children |
| | | Anal Incontinence (AI) Score of Pescatori et al |
| | | Faecal Incontinence Score System of Miller et al |
| | | Grading of Keighley and Fielding for Fecal Incontinence |
| | | Score of Kelly for Fecal Incontinence |
| | | Clinical and Electromanometical Score of Holschneider for Anorectal Incontinence |
| | | Classification of Kirwan et al for Fecal Incontinence |
| | | Scoring System of Madoff et al for Grading Incontinence and Evacuation in Replacement of the Anal Sphincter |
| | | Fecal Incontinence Severity Index (FISI) of Rockwood et al |
| Crohn's Disease |
| | | A Simple Index of Crohn's Disease Activity (Harvey-Bradshaw Index) |
| | | A Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) |
| | | Crohn's Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity (CDEIS) |
| | | Inflammatory Activity Index (AI) in Crohn's Disease |
| | | The Cape Town Index for Crohn's Disease Activity |
| | | The Fukuoka University Crohn's Disease Activity Index (FCI) |
| | | Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) of Harms et al |
| | | Clinical Index of de Dombal et al for Crohn's Disease Activity |
| | | Clinical Index of Allan et al for Quantitating the Symptoms of Perianal Crohn's Disease (Anal Disease Activity Index) |
| | | Prognostic Index of Wienbeck et al for Crohn's Disease |
| | | Laboratory Index of Brignola et al for Predicting Relapse in Asymptomatic Patients with Crohn's Disease |
| | | Clinical Score of Lloyd-Still and Green for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children |
| | | Perianal Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) of the McMaster IBD Study Group |
| | | The Cardiff Classification of Anal Crohn's Disease |
| | | Perianal Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) of Pikarsky et al |
| | | Factors of Parsi et al for Predicting Response to Infliximab in Patients with Crohn's Disease |
| | | The Simple Endocsopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) |
| | | Risk Factors of Papi et al for Identifying a Patient with Crohn's Disease Who Requires Additional Corticosteroid Therapy After an Initial Steroid-Induced Remission |
| | | Classification of Papi et al for Responses to Corticosteroid Therapy by a Patient with Crohn's Disease |
| | | The Modified Harvey-Bradshaw Index for a Patient with Crohn's Disease |
| | | Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) of Hyams et al |
| | | International Organisation for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IOIBD) Index of Crohn's Disease Activity (Oxford Index) |
| | | Classification of Talstad and Gjone for Crohn's Disease Activity |
| | | Disease Activity Score of Talstad and Gjone for Crohn's Disease |
| Gastrointestinal Complications in Cystic Fibrosis |
| | | Fibrosing Colonopathy in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis |
| | | Distal Intestinal Obstructive Syndrome in a Patient with Cystic Fibrosis |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) |
| | | Criteria of Talley et al for the Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| | | Manning Criteria for the Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| | | Score of Talley et al to Predict the Probability of Functional Bowel Disease |
| | | The Rome II Criteria for the Irritable Bowel Disorder |
| | | The Diagnostic Score of Kruis et al to Identify Patients with the Irritable Bowel Syndrome |
| | | Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) |
| | | The Functional Bowel Disorder Severity Index (FBDSI) |
| | | Warning Signs of Spiller et al Indicating the Need to Refer a Patient with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) to a Gastroenterologist |
| | | Score of Bellentani et al for Distinguishing Irritable Bowel Syndrome from Organic Disease of the Colon |
| Ulcerative Colitis (UC) |
| | | Grading Scheme of Truelove and Witts for Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Grading the Severity of Sigmoidoscopic Changes in Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Histologic Grades of Rectal Biopsies in Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Risk Factors For Colorectal Carcinoma in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Functional Index of Oresland et al for Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Treated with Restorative Proctocolectomy |
| | | Mayo Scoring System for Evaluating the Activity of Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Risk Factors of Velayos et al for Colorectal Carcinoma in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Acute Intolerance Syndrome to Mesalamine (5-Aminosalicylic Acid, 5-ASA) Therapy in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Criteria of Talstad and Gjone for Ulcerative Colitis Disease Activity |
| | | Disease Activity Score of Talstad and Gjone for Ulcerative Colitis |
| Laxatives and Enemas |
| | | Laxative Abuse Syndrome |
| | | Guidelines for the Use of Fleet Enema in the Pediatric Emergency Department |
| | | Complications Associated with Enemas |
| | | Contraindications for the Use of Fleet Phospho-Soda Laxative in an Adult |
| | | Causes of a False Negative Screening Test for Stimulant Laxatives in a Person with Factitious Diarrhea |
| Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Endoscopy |
| | | Scoring System for Identifying Patients Likely to Have Serious Disease Prior to Esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
| | | Clinical Findings with Esophageal Perforation During Upper GI Tract Endoscopy |
| | | Classification of Stapfer et al for Duodenal Perforation During Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) |
| | | Risk Factors of Enns et al for ERCP-Related Perforations |
| Polyposis Syndromes |
| | | Criteria of Jass et al for Familial Juvenile Polyposis |
| | | Clinical Features of Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome |
| | | Clinical Features of Cowden Syndrome |
| | | Clinical Features of the Bannayan-Ruvalcaba-Riley Syndrome |
| Rectal Prolapse |
| | | Classification of Rectal Prolapse |
| | | Risk Factors for Rectal Prolapse |
| Evaluation of Abdominal Pain |
| | | Criteria for Performing Plain Abdominal Radiographs in Patients with Abdominal Pain |
| | | Decision Rule of Orient et al for Men with Abdominal Pain (Modified Decision Rule of Wasson et al) |
| | | Rome II Criteria for the Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome |
| | | Criteria for the Functional Abdominal Pain Syndrome |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Abdominal Migraine |
| | | Clinical Features of Adult with Intestinal Nonrotation |
| | | Clinical Features of Epiploic Appendagitis |
| Nausea and Vomiting |
| | | Nausea Profile |
| | | Nausea Questionnaire and Nausea Rating Index (NRI) |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Functional Vomiting |
| | | Risk Factors for Nausea and Vomiting Associated with Opioid Analgesia |
| | | Reducing the Risk for Nausea and Vomiting Associated with Opioid Analgesia |
| | | Rome II Criteria for the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome |
| Postoperative Gastrointestinal Complications |
| | | Postoperative Ileus Screening Tool |
| | | Clinical Findings in Pediatric Postoperative Intussusception |
| | | Risk Factors of Schrock et al for Leakage of a Colonic Anastomosis |
| | | Radiologic Features of Cecal and Colonic Adynamic Ileus |
| | | Criteria of Dong et al for Postsurgical Gastroparesis Syndrome (PGS) |
| | | Risk Factors of Konishi et al for an Anastomotic Leak Following Elective Resection of a Colorectal Carcinoma |
| | | Classification of Morgenstern et al for Leakage at a Colonic Anastomosis |
| | | Risk Factors of Morgenstern et al for Leakage After Low Colonic Anastomosis |
| | | Classification of Csendes et al for Anastomotic Leakage from an Esophagojejunostomy Following Total Gastrectomy for Gastric Carcinoma |
| | | Clinical Features of Gonzalez et al for Anastomotic Leakage After a Gastric Bypass for Obesity |
| | | Risk Factors of Gonzalez et al for Anastomotic Leakage After a Gastric Bypass Procedure for Morbid Obesity |
| | | Abdominal Reoperation Predictive Index (ARPI) of Pusajo et al |
| | | Recommendations of Gannon for Minimizing Postoperative Ileus in a Patient Undergoing Abdominal Surgery |
| | | Risk Factors of Veyrie et al for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colectomy for Cancer |
| | | Risk Factors of Rodriguez et al for Gastrointestinal Complications Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery |
| | | Bowel Obstruction Due to Gossypiboma (Retained Surgical Cotton Sponge) |
| | | Clinical and Laboratory Findings Associated with a Leak from a Colonic Anastomosis |
| | | Followup of a Patient Following Surgery with a Colonic Anaastomosis |
| Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
| | | Risk Score for Development of Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
| | | Scoring System of Evrard et al for Predicting Intestinal Stricture in Infants with Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
| | | Stages of Bell et al for Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
| | | Estimating the Risk of Death in Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis Based on the Study of Dykes et al |
| | | Index of German et al for Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis |
| Volvulus |
| | | Score of the Severity of Gangrenous Colon (SSGC) by Volvulus |
| | | Clinical Findings in Acute Gastric Volvulus |
| | | Mobile Cecum Syndrome |
| Adenomatous Polyps |
| | | Risk of Malignant Transformation in Colonic Adenomatous Polyps |
| | | Model of Noshirwani et al for Predicting Adenoma Recurrence After Colonoscopy |
| Adverse Drug Effects Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract |
| | | Risk Factors for Serious Gastrointestinal Toxicity Associated with NSAID Use |
| | | GI Event Risk Score of Fries et al for Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Taking NSAIDS |
| | | Histologic Evidence of Iron Deposition in the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Following Ferrous Sulfate Therapy |
| | | Risk Factors for Medication-Induced Esophageal Injury (MIEI) |
| | | Risk Factors for Esophageal Stricture Associated with Medication-Induced Esophageal Injury (MIEI) |
| | | Clinical Findings in a Patient with Medication-Induced Esophageal Injury (MIEI) |
| | | Prevention of Medication-Induced Esophageal Injury (MIEI) |
| | | Simplifed Risk Factor Score of Fries for NSAID Gastrointestinal Side Effect in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis |
| | | Risk of Duodenal Perforation Following an NSAID Overdose |
| | | Acute Intolerance Syndrome with Mesalamine (5-ASA) Therapy in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Lesions in the Ileum, Jejunum, and Large Intestine Associated with NSAID Therapy |
| | | Indications of Paton and Ferrier for Gastroprotection in a Patient Taking a Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) |
| | | Endoscopic Scoring System of Graham et al for Drug-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury |
| | | Gastrointestinal Injury Associated with the Bisphosphonates |
| | | Diaphragm Disease in the Small Bowel Associated with NSAID Use |
| | | Anal Ulceration Associated with Nicorandil Therapy |
| | | Proctitis and Anal Ulcerations Associated with Chronic Use of Rectal Suppositories |
| | | Risk Factors for Hepatic Toxicity Following a Barium Enema Containing Tannic Acid |
| Evaluation of Diarrhea |
| | | Types of Chronic Diarrhea |
| | | Describing the Therapeutic Outcome with Anti-Diarrheal Therapy |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Functional Diarrhea |
| | | Clinical Features of Diabetic Diarrhea |
| Malabsorption Syndromes |
| | | Criteria for the Stagnant Loop (Bacterial Overgrowth) Syndrome |
| | | Clinical Features of Tropical Sprue (Tropical Diarrheal Malabsorption Syndrome) |
| | | Symptom Score of Castiglione et al for a Patient with Bacterial Overgrowth of the Small Intestine |
| | | Criteria of Kerlin and Wong for Breath Hydrogen Testing in a Patient with Bacterial Overgrowth of the Small Intestine |
| | | Collagenous Sprue |
| | | Clinical Features of Tufting Enteropathy (Intestinal Epithelial Dysplasia) |
| | | Clinical Features of Autoimmune Enteropathy |
| | | Clinical Features of Microvillus Inclusion Disease |
| | | Brown Bowel Syndrome Associated with Vitamin E Deficiency and Malabsorption (Intestinal Lipofuscinosis) |
| Celiac Disease (Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy, Nontropical Sprue) |
| | | Criteria for the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease |
| | | Histologic Patterns of Marsh for Small Bowel Biopsies from Patients with Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy |
| | | Failure of a Patient with Celiac Disease to Respond to a Gluten-Free Diet |
| | | Clinical Presentations for Patients with Celiac Disease |
| | | Algorithm from ARUP Laboratoies for the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease |
| | | Risk Factors for a False Negative Diagnosis of Celiac Sprue |
| | | Evaluating a Patient for Whom the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Is Uncertain |
| | | Evaluating a Patient for Celiac Disease in the Presence of IgA Deficiency |
| | | Grading Villous Atophy in a Small Bowel Biopsy |
| Hernias |
| | | Risk Factors for a Recurrent Incisional Hernia |
| | | Features of Amid for a Prosthetic "Meshoma" Following an Abdominal Wall Hernia Repair |
| | | Clinical Features of a Spigelian Hernia |
| | | Risk Factors of Franneby et al for Persistent Pain Following Surgery for an Inguinal Hernia |
| | | Algorithm of Turage et al for Managing Hernia Uteri Inguinale in a Patient with Persistent Mullerian Duct Syndrome |
| | | Recommendations of Chan and Chan for Repair of a Femoral Hernia (Shouldice Hospital Approach) |
| Toxic Megacolon |
| | | Diagnostic Criteria for Toxic Megacolon |
| | | Criteria of Grant and Dozois for Toxic Megacolon in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn's Disease |
| Diverticuli of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
| | | Clinical Stages of Hughes et al for Perforated Diverticular Disease |
| | | Indications of Rodkey and Welch for Surgery in Patients with Diverticular Disease |
| | | Risk Factors of Broderick-Villa et al for Recurrence After an Episode of Acute Diverticulitis |
| | | Diverticulitis in a Patient Receiving Corticosteroids |
| | | Clinical Findings in Diverticular Disease of the Small Intestine |
| | | Clinical Features of a Meckel's Diverticulum |
| Disorders of the Anus and Rectum |
| | | Classification of Parks et al for Fistula-in-Ano (Anal Fistula) |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Proctalgia Fugax |
| | | Grading of Internal Hemorrhoids (Piles) |
| | | Rome II Criteria for the Levator Ani Syndrome |
| | | Reducing the Risk for Serious Infection Following Hemorrhoidectomy |
| | | Clinical Features of Hemorrhoids |
| Gastrointestinal Ischemia and Disorders of the Mesenteric Blood Vessels |
| | | Angiographic Findings of Siegelman et al for Mesenteric Arterial Vasoconstriction |
| | | Indications for Surgery in a Patient with Ischemic Colitis |
| | | Management Algorithm of Sreenarasimhaiah for Mesenteric Ischemia |
| | | Risk Factors for Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis |
| | | Conditions Associated with Gastric Infarction |
| | | Clinical Findings Associated with Ischemic Gastropathy (Ischemic Gastritis and Ischemic Gastroparesis) |
| | | Classification of Tollefson and Ernst for Colon Ischemia Following Aortic Reconstruction |
| | | Risk Factors for Colon Ischemia Following Aortic Reconstruction |
| | | Clinical Findings of Ischemic Colitis Following Aortic Reconstruction |
| Hirschsprung's Disease |
| | | Anatomic Classification of Hirschsprung's Disease |
| | | Clinical Findings in Patients with Hirschsprung's Disease |
| Gastrointestinal Disorders in Infants and Small Children |
| | | Clinical Findings Associated with Pyloric Stenosis |
| | | Classification of Grosfeld et al for Jejunoileal Atresia |
| | | Inspissated Milk Syndrome |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Infant Regurgitation |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Infant Dyschezia |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Pediatric Functional Fecal Retention |
| | | Cutoffs of Smith et al for Serum Bicarbonate and Chloride for Identifying an Infant with Pyloric Stenosis |
| Colonoscopy |
| | | Risk Factors for Perforation Associated with Colonoscopy or Sigmoidoscopy |
| | | Risk Factors and Clinical Findngs in Splenic Rupture During Colonoscopy |
| | | Algorithm of Ahmed et al for Diagnosing Splenic Rupture Associated with Colonoscopy |
| | | Diet and Fluid Intake Prior to Colonoscopy |
| | | Colitis Caused by the Endoscope Disinfectant (Glutaraldehyde or Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Colitis) |
| Gastrointestinal Ostomy (Ileostomy, Colostomy and Related Constructs) |
| | | When an Ostomy Patient Should Contact the Ostomy Nurse or Physician |
| | | Clinical Findings of Peeters et al for Monitoring the Function of a Stoma |
| Bezoars |
| | | Risk Factors for Bezoar Formation |
| | | Clinical Findings in a Patient with a Bezoar |
| | | Pharmacobezoar |
| | | Giant Gastic Trichobezoar (Rapunzel Syndrome) |
| | | Clinical Findings with a Chewing Gum Bezoar |
| | | Sunflower Seed Bezoar |
| | | Esophageal Sucralith (Sucralfate Bezoar) |
| Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy (PHG) |
| | | Endoscopic Grading Scheme of Tanoue et al for Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy |
| | | Endoscopic Grading Scheme of McCormack et al for Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy with Histopathology |
| | | Endoscopic Grading of the NIEC (New Italian Endoscopic Club) for Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy |
| | | Criteria for the Clinical Status of Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy |
| Lower Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Risk Factors of Strate et al for Identifying a Patient with Potentially Severe Lower Intestinal Hemorrhage |
| | | Classification of Moore et al for Angiodysplasia and Arteriovenous Malformations of the Gastrointestinal Tract |
| | | Risk Factors of Bender et al for Morbidity and Mortality Following Colectomy in a Patient with Massive Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Criteria of Velayos et al for Severe Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding |
| | | Risk Factors of Velayos et al for Severe Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Adverse Outcomes |
| Evaluation of the Patient After Gastric Surgery |
| | | Visick Classification for Outcome After Gastric Surgery |
| | | The Roux Stasis Syndrome Associated with a Roux-en-Y Gastrojejunostomy |
| | | Early Dumping Syndrome After Gastric Surgery |
| | | Late Post-Prandial (Late Dumping) Syndrome After Gastric Surgery |
| | | Alkaline Reflux Gastritis (Biliary Gastritis) Following Gastric Surgery |
| | | Clinical Index of Sigstad for Diagnosis of the Dumping Syndrome |
| Hiatal Hernia |
| | | Anatomical Classification of Hiatal Hernias |
| | | Clinical Findings Indicating a Serious Complication of Hiatal Hernia |
| Neutropenic Enterocolitis (Typhlitis) |
| | | Criteria of Gorschluter et al for Neutropenic Enterocolitis |
| | | Indications for Surgery in Neutropenic Enterocolitis (Typhlitis) |
| Functional Disorders of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract |
| | | Rome II Criteria for a Functional Globus |
| | | Rome II Criteria for the Rumination Syndrome |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Functional Chest Pain and Heartburn |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Functional Dysphagia |
| | | Rome II Criteria for Aerophagia |
| Gastrointestinal Foreign Bodies |
| | | Risk Factors for Swallowing a Foreign Body |
| | | Possible Complications After Swallowing a Foreign Body |
| | | Sources of a Foreign Body in the Rectum |
| | | Evaluation of a Patient After Removal of an Inserted Rectal Foreign Body |
| | | Indications for Surgical Removal of a Foreign Body in the Rectosigmoid Colon |
| | | Complications Associated with Rectal Thermometers |
| | | Complications of Sword Swallowing |
| | | Zinc Intoxication and Copper Deficiency Associated with Coin Swallowing |
| Enterocutaneous Fistulas |
| | | Features of Berry and Fischer Affecting Spontaneous Closure of an Enterocutaneous Fistula |
| Aortoenteric Fistulas |
| | | Risk Factors for an Aortoenteric Fistula |
| | | Clinical Features of an Aortoduodenal Fistula |
| | | Clinical Featurs of an Aortoesophageal Fistula |
| Congenital Defects of the Anterior Abdominal Wall |
| | | Clinical Findings in Omphalocele |
| | | Clinical Findings in Gastroschisis |
| | | Risk Factors for Gastroschisis |
| | | Pentalogy of Cantrell |
| | | Clinical Findings of the Limb-Body Wall Complex |
| Effects of Intestinal Resections |
| | | Clinical Features of the Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) |
| | | Factors Affecting Outcome in a Patient with the Short Bowel Syndrome |
| | | Plasma Citrulline Concentration in a Patient with Short Bowel Syndrome |
| Disorders of Gastric Acid Production |
| | | Causes of Hypochlorhydria and Achlorhydria |
| | | Causes of a False Positive Diagnosis of Achlorhydria |
| Evaluation of Esophageal Structure and Function (Length, Motility and pH Monitoring) |
| | | Equations of Strobel et al for Estimating the Distance from the Maxillary Incisors to the Lower Esophagus in Children Based on Height |
| | | Equation of Song et al for Estimating the Distance from the Maxillary Incisors to the Lower Esophageal Junction in Korean Adolescents and Adults |
| | | Equations of Putnam and Orenstein for Estimating the Esophageal Length for a Nasogastric Tube in Infants and Children |
| | | Equation of Jolley et al for Estimating Esophageal Length in Children |
| Structural Lesions in the Esophagus |
| | | Plummer-Vinson Syndrome (Paterson-Kelly Syndrome) |
| | | Spontaneous Perforation of the Esophagus (Boerhaave's Syndrome) |
| | | Clinical Findings in Zenker's Diverticulum |
| | | Grades of Colombo-Benkmann et al for Dysphagia and Regurgitation in a Patient with Zenker’s Diverticulum |
| Small Intestinal Transplantation |
| | | Conditions Which May Require Intestinal Transplantation |
| | | Contraindications for Intestinal Transplantation |
| | | Medicare Criteria for Small Intestinal Transplantation in a Patient Receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition for Intestinal Failure |
| Hiccups |
| | | Causes of Self-Limited Hiccups |
| | | Causes of Persistent Hiccups |
| | | Persistent Hiccups Associated with High Dose Corticosteroid Therapy |
| Noninfectious Gastroenteritis |
| | | Clinical Features of Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis |
| | | Eosinophilic Gastroenteritis Secondary to Bee Pollen Allergy |
| Complications of Anal Intercourse and Sexual Functioning
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| | | Gay Bowel Syndrome |
| | | Complications of Hyperosmolar Sexual Lubricants for Anal Intercourse |
| Ileal Pouch and Anastomosis (IPAA, Ileoanal Pouch) |
| | | Pouchitis Disease Activity Index (PDAI) of Sandborn et al |
| | | Heidelberg Pouchitis Activity Score (PAS) of Heuschen et al |
| Hypertrophic, Hyperplastic Gastropathies |
| | | Clinical Features of Adult Type Menetrier's Disease |
| | | Clinical Features of Pediatric Type Menetrier's Disease |
| | | Pathologic Differentiation Between Different Types of Hyperplastic Gastropathies |
| Rupture or Perforation in the Gastrointestinal Tract |
| | | Clinical Features of Gastric Rupture |
| Colitis Other Than Ischemic or Ulcerative Colitis |
| | | Histologic Score of Rath et al For a Biopsy From a Patient with Hemorrhagic Colitis |
| | | Features of Diversion Colitis |
| | | Enterocolitis Associated with Heavy Metal Exposure |
| Protein-Losing Enteropathy |
| | | Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Excretion and Clearance in Stool |
| Gastric Polyps |
| | | Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp (Vanek Polyp) |
| Intra-Abdominal Adhesions |
| | | Classification of Pautler et al for Intra-Abdominal Adhesions Identified on Laparoscopy |
| Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis (EPS) |
| | | Criteria of the Ad Hoc Committee of the International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis for Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis |
| | | Conditions Associated with Encapsulated Peritoneal Sclerosis |
| | | Clinical Findings in a Patient with Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis |
| | | Imaging Findings in a Patient with Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis |
| | | Risk Factors for Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis in a Patient Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis |
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