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Release 22.0, Sept. 2008
The Medical Algorithms Project
Chapter :
ch5. Transfusion Medicine
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Estimation of Blood Loss and Prediction of Blood Transfusion Needs
Use of Hemoglobin to Guide Blood Replacement Therapy
Score of Larocque et al for Predicting Blood Transfusion in Knee or Hip Joint Arthroplasty
Estimating Blood Loss in the Bleeding Severity Index
Transfusion Planning Algorithm in Surgical Patients with Cancer of the Head and Neck
Identification of Total Joint Arthroplasties with Very Low Need for Perioperative Blood Transfusion and for Autologous Blood Collection
Preoperative Prediction of Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Surgical Patients
Standing Blood Order Equation of Nuttall et al
Equations of Bourke and Smith for Estimating Allowable Hemodilution
Predicting Need for Allogenic Blood Transfusion Following Surgery for Lung Cancer
Classes of the American College of Surgeons (ACS) for Acute Hemorrhage
Model of Karkouti et al for Predicting the Need for Blood Transfusion Associated with a First-Time Elective Coronary Bypass Graft Operation
Minimizing Allogeneic Blood Transfusion in Surgical Patients
Method of Grant and Reeve for Estimating Blood Loss in Severe Injury
Method of Cotterill for Estimating the Amount of Blood Loss in an Injured Limb
Model of Howe et al for Estimating Perioperative Hemorrhage in Orthopedic Surgery
Calculating the Blood Transfusion Requirement for a Patient with Chronic, Transfusion-Dependent Anemia
Criteria of Wu et al to Identify Cirrhotic Patients Who Do Not Need Blood Transfusion After Hepatic Tumor Resection
Model of Marec-Berard et al for Predicting Blood Transfusion After Chemotherapy in a Pediatric Patient with a Solid Tumor
Model of Ray-Coquard et al for Predicting Blood Transfusion in an Adult After Chemotherapy for a Solid Tumor
Method of Maull for Estimating Blood Loss with Severe Trauma
Prediction of Transfusion Requirements in a Trauma Patient Based on the Admission Base Deficit
Determining the Percent Red Blood Cell Volume Replaced Based on the Patient's Body Weight
Model of Lappas et al for Estimating Blood Use During Cardiac Bypass Surgery
Preoperative Predictors of Magovern et al for Transfusion After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Preoperative Predictors of Berenholtz et al for Receiving a Blood Product During Spinal Surgery
The Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage (TASH) Score of Yucel et al for Predicting the Need for Massive Transfusion After Multiple Trauma
Risk Factors of Baker et al for Predicting the Need for Transfusion in a Trauma Patient
The Transfusion Risk Understanding Scoring Tool (TRUST) of Alghamdi et al for Predicting Transfusion in a Cardiac Surgery Patient
Model of Kling et al for Predicting Blood Transfusion in a Premature Infant in the ICU
Predictors of Blackmore et al for Major Hemorrhage in a Patient with a Pelvic Fracture
Transfusion Guidelines of West et al for the Trauma Patient
Estimating Blood Loss from Blood Loss into Field Dressings
Risk Index of McCluskey et al for Predicting Massive Blood Transfusion Associated with Liver Transplant Surgery
Model of Moore et al for Predicting the Probability of Massive Blood Transfusion in a Trauma Patient
Equation of Davies et al for Calculating the Required Red Blood Cell Transfusion Volume for a Child
Risk Factors of Brems et al for Blood Loss Associated with Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
Predictors of Nuttall et al for Blood Transfusion Associated with Spinal Fusion Surgery
Preoperative Predictors of Aderinto and Brenkel for Blood Transfusion After a Unilateral Total Hip Replacement
Adjusted Blood Requirement Index (ABRI) in a Patient with Portal Hypertension and Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Risk Factors of Foss and Kehlet for Occult Blood Loss Following Surgery for a Hip Fracture
Risk Factors of Kinnaird et al for Major Blood Loss and for Transfusion Following a Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
Transfusion Triggers of Moonen et al for a Patient Undergoing Primary Hip or Knee Arthroplasty
Preoperative Risk Factors of Dillon et al for Blood Transfusion in a Patient with a Hip Fracture
Predictors of Grosflam et al for Blood Loss During an Elective Total Hip Replacement
Predictors of Odumala et al for Excessive Blood Loss During Operative Repair of a Hip Fracture
Protocol of Wong et al for Reducing Allogeneic Blood Transfusion in a Patient Undergoing an Elective Total Hip Arthroplasty
Model of Moskowitz et al for Predicting the Probability of Allogeneic Blood Transfusion During Cardiac Surgery at a Hospital Practicing Blood Conservation
Risk Factors of Han et al for Blood Transfusion Following Nephrectomy for a Renal Cell Carcinoma
Risk Factors of Starr et al for Blood Transfusion in a Patient with Pelvic Fracture
Early Predictors of Schreiber et al for Massive Transfusion in a Combat Casualty
Risk Factors of Meert et al for Blood Transfusion in a Pediatric Patient Undergoing Spinal Fusion Surgery
Prediction Rule of Karkouti et al for Large Volume Blood Transfusion Associated with Cardiac Surgery
Blood Component Collection and Processing
Donor Weight, Volume Collected and Anticoagulant Required for Blood Product Collection
Use of Unit Weight to Estimate Volume Collected During Blood Donation
Cleansing the Skin Prior to Blood Collection
Amount of Plasma to Remove from a Red Blood Cell Product to Achieve a Given Hematocrit
Risk Factors for Endogenous Particulates in Blood Components
Volume of Donor Blood Required to Deliver a Given Hemoglobin Transfusion Dose
Red Cell Survival
Correction for Loss by Venous Sampling
Exchange Transfusion
Partial Exchange Transfusion in Neonatal Polycythemia
Neonatal Exchange Transfusion for Hyperbilirubinemia
Exchange Transfusion in Children with Hepatic Failure
Apheresis and Plasma Exchange
Removal of Material during Plasma Exchange
Serum Hydroxyethyl Starch (HES) Level
Plasmapheresis Protocol for the Treatment of the Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Scoring System of Bolan et al for Monitoring Citrate-Related Hypocalcemia During an Apheresis Procedure
Indications of Gordon et al for Performing Apheresis to Remove Low-Density Lipoprotein
Donor Criteria for Collection of 2 Red Blood Cell Products By Apheresis
Indications of Weinstein for Apheresis in a Patient with the Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS)
Calculating the Probability of an Antibody's Presence
Fisher's Exact Method and the Probability of an Antibody's Presence
The Method of Harris and Hochman for Calculating the Probability of an Antibody's Presence
Red Cell Antigenic Phenotypes
Phenotype Frequencies and Red Cell Compatibility
Calculation for Combined Phenotypes
Predicting the Rhesus Antigen Status of a Child from Parent's Phenotype
Probability that a D-positive Father is Heterozygous or Homozygous for the D Locus
Prediction of a Parent's ABO Phenotype and Genotype If the ABO Phenotypes of the Other Parent and a Single Child Are Known
Prediction of a Parent's ABO Phenotype If the ABO Phenotypes of the Other Parent and Several Children Are Known
Identification of Blood Group A Subgroups
Identification of Blood Group B Subgroups
Leukoreduction of a Red Blood Cell Product
Efficiency of Leukoreduction
Recovery of Red Blood Cells Following Special Processing
Estimating the Percent Red Cell Recovery Based on the Product Hematocrit
Equations of Lockwood et al for Calculating Red Blood Cell Recovery Associated with Freezing, Thawing and Washing a Blood Product
Red Blood Cell Agglutination
Antibody Titration with Score
Grading the Agglutination Reaction in an Affinity Gel Microtube
Red Blood Cell Product Transfusion
Transfusion of Blood Products When an ABO-Identical Donor Is Not Available
Problems Encountered When Adding Drugs to or Infusing Solutions With Red Blood Cell Products
Troubleshooting a Red Blood Cell Product That Is Infusing Too Slowly
Use of a Blood Warmer to Transfuse Blood Products
Pretransfusion Education of the Recipient with Informed Consent
Selection of Patients Suitable for Home Red Blood Cell Transfusion
Requirements for Home Transfusion of Blood Products
Antiglobulin (Coombs) Testing
Deciding to Perform an Elution for the Workup of a Positive Direct Antiglobulin Test in the Newborn Infant
Evaluating the Appropriate Use of Blood Products
Indications for Use of Irradiated Blood Products
Indications for Use of Granulocyte Pheresis Products
Indications of Nuttall et al for Red Blood Cell Transfusion
Criteria Map of Hume et al for Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Pediatric Patients
Criteria for Reissue of a Returned Red Blood Cell Product
Criteria for Neonatal Red Blood Cell Transfusion
Patients at Risk for Cerebral or Myocardial Ischemia During Volume Depletion
Signs and Symptoms Requiring Red Blood Cell Transfusion in a Normovolemic Patient
Algorithm from the American College of Physicians (ACP) for Red Blood Cell Transfusion in a Patient with Transient Anemia After Acute Blood Loss
Algorithm from the American College of Physicians (ACP) for Red Blood Cell Transfusion in a Patient with Persistent Anemia
Transfusion Reactions and Complications
Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reactions
Dilutional Coagulopathy Following Massive Transfusion
Transfusion-Transmitted Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection
Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)
Pseudo-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction After Intravenous Iron Dextran Infusion
Evaluation of a Patient After a First Episode of an Anaphylactic Transfusion Reaction
Citrate Toxicity
Heat Loss After Infusion of Refrigerated Blood
Indications for the Use of Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) in Allergic Transfusion Reactions
Hyperhemolytic Transfusion Reaction in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
Posttransfusion Purpura
Prevention of Bacterial Contamination in Blood Products
Air Embolism
Aseptic Meningitis After Infusion of Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Hyperviscosity After Infusion of Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Acute Renal Failure After Infusion of Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Cerebral Infarction After Infusion of Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Hemolysis After Infusion of Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Anaphylactoid Reactions in a Patient Receiving an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor
Allergic Reaction Following Infusion of Blood Products Through Intravenous Infusion Equipment Sterilized in Ethylene Oxide Gas
Conditions That May Mask a Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
Pseudo-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction Associated with In Vitro Hemolysis
Clinical Features of an Acute Immune Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
Evaluation of a Donor Whose Blood Product Has Grown Bacteria on Culture
Determining if a Blood Product with a Positive Bacterial Culture May Have Been Contaminated at the Time of Collection or During Processing
Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD)
Circulatory Overload Following Blood Product Transfusion
Neonatal Hyperkalemia Following Blood Transfusion
Effects of Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) Associated with Infusion of Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cells (PBPC)
Clinical Features of the Acute Pain Transfusion Reaction
Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction Associated with an HLA Alloantibody
Risk Factors for Mechanical Hemolysis of Red Cells During Blood Infusion
Protocol of Kohan et al for High Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) to Prevent Hemolysis Following a Non-ABO Incompatible Blood Transfusion
Acute Hemolysis and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Following Administration of RhoGAM (Rh Immune Globulin) to an Rh-Positive Patient with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
Parvovirus B19 Transmission by Blood Products
Acute Infusion Reaction Folllowing Infusion of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)
Pseudo-Transfusion Reaction Associated with a Change in Vital Signs
Pseudo-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction Associated with Clostridium Sepsis
Risk Factors for Developing an Infection After a Blood Transfusion Overseas in a Developing Country
Autologous Blood Transfusion
Contraindications to Autologous Blood Donation
Immunoglobulin Infusion Therapy
Calculating the Immunoglobulin Intravenous Infusion Rate
Platelet Replacement Therapy
Calculation of Platelet Replacement Needs
The Corrected Count Increment (CCI) and the Increment in Platelet Count after Platelet Transfusion
Criteria of Petz et al for Refractoriness to Platelet Transfusion
The Maximum Platelet Count Increment (MPI) and Percentage Platelet Recovery (PPR)
Calculating the Corrected Count Increment (CCI) from the Percentage Platelet Recovery (PPR)
Prediction of the Platelet Count Increment (CI) After Platelet Transfusion Using the Equation of Bishop et al
Administration of Rh Immune Globulin (RhoGAM, RhIG) to Prevent Alloimmunization After Administering Platelets from an Rh-Positive Donor to an Rh-Negative Patient
Criteria of Rebulla et al for Administering Prophylactic Platelet Transfusions in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Transfusion Therapy in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
Indications for Transfusion in Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
Simple Transfusion in Sickle Cell Disease and the Effect on Hemoglobin S Concentration
Calculating Exchange Volumes for Exchange Transfusions in a Patient with Sickle Cell Disease
Indications and Contraindications of Walters et al for Bone Marrow Transplantation in a Pediatric Patient with Sickle Cell Disease
Blood Recovery (Salvage) and Reinfusion
Indications for Blood Recovery and Autotransfusion in Surgical Patients
Suctioned Contaminants That May Limit the Usability of Recovered Blood for Autotransfusion
Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (HPC)
Product and Patient Handling Before Infusing an Allogeneic HPC Unit from an ABO-Incompatible Donor
Component Selection for Transfusion Therapy Following Transplantation with Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells from an ABO or D-Incompatible Donor
Pretransfusion Testing
The Computer Crossmatch
Troubleshooting Positive Pretransfusion Testing
Problems in Red Blood Cell Testing
Identification of Polyagglutinable Antigen Type Using Lectins
Evaluation of a Patient with Polyagglutinable Red Blood Cells
Surgical Management of a Jehovah's Witness Without Blood Transfusion
Strategies of van Son et al for Performing Heart Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass in an Infant Without Blood Transfusion
Use of Blood Products in Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery
Volume of Blood Required to Prime the Extracorporeal Circuit for Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Intrauterine Fetal Transfusion
Equation of Nicolaides et al for Calculating the Volume of Donor Blood to Transfuse in a Fetus with Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Equation of MacGregor et al for Predicting the Fetal Hematocrit After an Intravascular Intrauterine Red Blood Cell Transfusion
Equation of Hoogeveen et al for Determining the Volume of Donor Blood for an Intrauterine Blood Transfusion
Equation of Moise for Calculating the Volume of a Platelet Concentrate to Infuse Into a Fetus with Thrombocytopenia
Calculating the Volume of Blood Needed for an Intraperitoneal Transfusion
Tissue Banking and Organ Handling
Data to Record for Every Allograft
Therapeutic Phlebotomy
Identification of a Patient Who May Require Precautions During Therapeutic Phlebotomy
Indications for Therapeutic Phlebotomy
Checklist for Proper Documentation of Therapeutic Phlebotomy
Evaluation of the Blood Donor
Blood Donor Reaction Inventory of Meade et al
Models of Newman and Roth for Predicting the Probability of an Adverse Reaction in a Blood Donor
Deferral of Donors Taking Potentially Teratogenic Drugs
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Complications of Donor Bone Marrow Harvesting for Transplant
Stem Cell Transplantation
Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cell (PBPC) Collection Based on the Study of Ford et al
Adequacy in Mobilization of CD34+ Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cell (PBPC)
Pretransplantation Assessment of Mortality (PAM) Score for a Patient Undergoing an Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Managing the Red Blood Cell Inventory
Using the Average Weekly Use to Determine a Baseline Red Blood Cell Inventory
Determining Whether an Untransfused Red Blood Cell Unit Can Be Placed Back Into Inventory and Reissued for Transfusion
Transfusion Therapy in a Patient with an Autoantibody
Algorithm of Shirey et al for Prophylactic Antigen-Matched Donor Blood for Transfusing a Patient with a Warm Autoantibody
Artificial Blood and Blood Substitutes
Evaluating Hemoglobin Concentrations in a Patient Receiving Polymerized Hemoglobin
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