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Overview :
The Oral Hygiene Index is a method for classifying the oral
hygiene status of a patient.
It can be used over time to monitor progress in
corrective interventions.
Dental segments:
(1) upper
right posterior: distal to the right cuspid on the maxillary arch
(2) upper
anterior: mesial to the right and left first bicuspids on the maxillary arch
(3) upper
left posterior: distal to the left cuspid on the maxillary arch
(4) lower
right posterior: distal to the right cuspid on the mandibular arch
(5) lower
anterior: mesial to the right and left first bicuspids on the mandibular
arch
(6) lower
left posterior: distal to the left cuspid on the mandibular arch
Surfaces on each segment:
(1) buccal (outer)
(2) lingual (inner)
Evaluating teeth:
• Only
fully erupted (occlusal and incisal surface has reached the occlusal plane)
permanent teeth are scored.
• Third
molars and incompletely erupted teeth are not scored because of the
wide
variations in heights of clinical crowns.
• The
buccal and lingual debris scores are both taken on the tooth in a segment
having
the greatest surface area covered by debris.
• The
buccal and lingual calculus scores are both taken on the tooth in a
segment
having the greatest surface area covered by supragingival and subgingival calculus.
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Grading Debris
|
Points |
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no debris or stain present |
0 |
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soft debris covering not more than one third of the
tooth surface, AND/OR the
presence of extrinsic stain without other debris regardless of surface
area covered |
1 |
|
soft debris covering more than one third, but not more
than two thirds, of the exposed tooth surface |
2 |
|
soft debris covering more than two thirds of the
exposed tooth surface |
3 |
debris index =
= (SUM(points along buccal surface for all segments present)
+ SUM(points along lingual
surface of all segments present)) / (number of
segments present)
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Grading
Calculus |
Points |
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no calculus present |
0 |
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supragingival calculus covering not more than one third
of the exposed tooth surface |
1 |
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supragingival calculus covering more than one third but
not more than two thirds of the exposed tooth surface, AND/OR the presence of individual
flecks of subgingival calculus around the cervical portion of the
tooth |
2 |
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supragingival calculus covering more than two thirds of
the exposed tooth surface AND/OR a continuous heavy band of
subgingival calculus around the cervical portion of the tooth |
3 |
calculus index =
= (SUM(points along buccal surface for all segments present)
+ SUM(points along
lingual surface of all segments present)) / (number of
segments present)
oral hygiene index =
= (debris index) + (calculus index)
Interpretation:
• The minimum
number of points for all segments in either the debris or calculus portions is
0.
• The maximum
number of points for all segments in either the debris or calculus score is
36.
• Since there
are up to 6 segments, the individual indices range from 0 to 6.
• Since the
oral hygiene index is the sum of the two indices, its range of values is from 0
to 12.
• The higher
the score, the poorer the oral hygiene.
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