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Overview :
Baker et al identified 4 risk factors associated with the
need for blood transfusion in a trauma patient. The authors are from the
University of Southern California in Los Angeles.
Parameters:
(1) systolic blood pressure
(2) pulse
(3) Glasgow coma score (GCS)
(4) high risk injury
High risk injuries:
(1) trauma to the chest between the midclavicular lines
(2) abdominal trauma with diffuse tenderness
(3) involvement in a vehicular accident in which one or more
people have died
(4) ejection from a vehicle
(5) stab or gunshot wound to the trunk
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Parameter
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Finding
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Points
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systolic blood pressure
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>= 90 mm Hg
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0
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< 90 mm Hg
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1
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pulse
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<= 120 beats per minute
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0
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> 120 beats per minute
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1
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Glasgow coma score
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9 to 15
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0
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3 to 8
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1
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number of high risk injuries
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0
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0
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>= 1
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1
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total number of risk factors present =
= SUM(points for all 4 parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 4
• The need for transfusion increases with the number of risk
factors present.
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Total Score
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Probability of Transfusion
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0
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2%
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1
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12%
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2
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42%
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3
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68%
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4
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100%
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