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Overview :
MacKenzie et
used several clinical parameters including age, Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)
and type of injury to determine if a patient should be triaged to a trauma
center or treated at the local community hospital. The authors are from the University of Maryland and the Johns Hopkins
University.
Regions for the
AIS:
(1) external
(2) head
(3) neck
(4) thorax
(5) abdominal or
pelvic contents
(6) spine
(7) extremities
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Injury Severity
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Abbreviated
Injury Score
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minor injury
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1
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moderate
injury
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2
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severe but not
life-threatening
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3
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potentially
life-threatening but survival likely
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4
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critical with
uncertain survival
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5
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unsurvivable
injury
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6
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severity
unknown
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9
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Triage rules:
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Maximum AIS
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Age
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Other
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Triage To
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<= 2 in
<= 2 regions
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any
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non-trauma
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>= 2 in
>= 3 regions
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any
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trauma
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>=3 in
>= 1 region
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< 5 years
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trauma
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>=3 in
>= 1 region
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>= 55 years
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not closed hip
fracture; fall from height
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trauma
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3 in 1 body
region
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>= 55
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closed hip
fracture; not fall from height
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non-trauma
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3 in 1 or 2
body regions
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5 - 54 years
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not excluded
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non-trauma
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3 in 1 or 2
body regions
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5 - 54 years
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excluded
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trauma
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>= 4 in
>= 1 region
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any
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trauma
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>=5 burn
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burn center
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>=4 burn
and >=5 in other regions
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trauma then
burn
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where:
• Vassar et al modified the table by (1)
using AIS >= 3 in >= 3 body regions for second entry (not used) and (2)
fall from height data (used).
• I modified the burn criteria in the
implementation, changing from >= 5 to >= 4.
Excluded for AIS
3 in 1 body region:
(1) AIS 3 to
head, spine, or thorax
(2) AIS 3 to
abdomen with hemorrhage (hypovolemia producing)
(3) AIS 3 pelvic
fracture
(4) AIS 3 crush
injury in extremity
(5) AIS 3
extremity injury with major vascular involvement
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