| | | | | | The Medical Algorithms Project |
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| Chapter : | ch22. Immunology & Rheumatology | Section : | Transplantation | | Types of Transplant Rejection Based on the Time to Onset | | Copyright (c) 2006-2007, Institute for Algorithmic Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. All rights reserved. |
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Overview :
The time to onset of transplant rejection may indicate the
underlying mechanism.
|
Time to
Onset |
Type |
|
immediate to hours |
hyperacute |
|
few days |
accelerated |
|
several days to weeks |
acute |
|
months to years |
chronic |
A person with chronic rejection can have episodes of
superimposed acute disease if immunosuppressive therapy is interrupted or an
appropriate stimulus occurs.
|
Type |
Pathophysiology |
|
hyperacute |
circulating antibodies to donor antigens with
activation of complement; active sensitized T lymphocytes |
|
accelerated |
reactivation of previously sensitized T
lymphocytes |
|
acute |
primary activation of T lymphocytes |
|
chronic |
low grade immune reaction in a setting of
immunosuppressive therapy |
| | References: | |
Roitt I,
Brostoff J, Male D. Immunology, Third Edition. Mosby. 1993. page 23.7.
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